Diltiazem (As Hydrochloride)
- Diltiazem (As Hydrochloride)
- No Brand Name
- Tablet
- 60mg
- Blister
- 100 Tablets
-
• Angina
• Hypertension
• Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia
• Atrial Fibrillation/Flutter
• Hypertension
• Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia
• Atrial Fibrillation/Flutter
Mechanism of Action
Nondihydropyridine calcium-channel blocker: Inhibits extracellular calcium ion influx across membranes of myocardial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells, resulting in inhibition of cardiac and vascular smooth muscle contraction and thereby dilating main coronary and systemic arteries, no effect on serum calcium concentrations, substantial inhibitory effects on cardiac conduction system, acting principally at AV node, with some effects at sinus node
Pharmacokinetics
Bioavailability: 40% (PO)
Onset (hypertension): 30-60 min
Excretion: Urine (2-4% as unchanged, 6-7% as metabolites), feces
Contraindications
• Hypersensitivity
• Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome, symptomatic severe hypotension (systolic BP <90 mm Hg), sick sinus syndrome (if no pacemaker), 2°/3° (if no pacemaker), heart block
• Acute MI and pulmonary congestion
Adverse Reactions
Edema, Headache, Dizziness, AV block, Peripheral edema, Bradyarrhythmia, Headache, Hypotension, Nausea, Vomiting, Vasodilation, Extrasystoles, Flushing, Drug-induced gingival hyperplasia, Myalgia, Diarrhea, Constipation, Bronchitis, Sinus congestion, Dyspnea, Congestion
Major Drug Interactions
Dantrolene - Flibanserin - Lomitapide - Lonafarnib - Pimozide
Warnings
-
Recommendations for Patient
-
Pregnancy Considerations
Category: C
Breastfeeding Considerations
Based on limited data, amounts of diltiazem ingested by the infant are small and would not be expected to cause any adverse effects in breastfed infants.
Pregnancy Categories
A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.
B: Maybe acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk.
C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done.
D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk.
X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist.
NA: Information not available.
Nondihydropyridine calcium-channel blocker: Inhibits extracellular calcium ion influx across membranes of myocardial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells, resulting in inhibition of cardiac and vascular smooth muscle contraction and thereby dilating main coronary and systemic arteries, no effect on serum calcium concentrations, substantial inhibitory effects on cardiac conduction system, acting principally at AV node, with some effects at sinus node
Pharmacokinetics
Bioavailability: 40% (PO)
Onset (hypertension): 30-60 min
Excretion: Urine (2-4% as unchanged, 6-7% as metabolites), feces
Contraindications
• Hypersensitivity
• Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome, symptomatic severe hypotension (systolic BP <90 mm Hg), sick sinus syndrome (if no pacemaker), 2°/3° (if no pacemaker), heart block
• Acute MI and pulmonary congestion
Adverse Reactions
Edema, Headache, Dizziness, AV block, Peripheral edema, Bradyarrhythmia, Headache, Hypotension, Nausea, Vomiting, Vasodilation, Extrasystoles, Flushing, Drug-induced gingival hyperplasia, Myalgia, Diarrhea, Constipation, Bronchitis, Sinus congestion, Dyspnea, Congestion
Major Drug Interactions
Dantrolene - Flibanserin - Lomitapide - Lonafarnib - Pimozide
Warnings
-
Recommendations for Patient
-
Pregnancy Considerations
Category: C
Breastfeeding Considerations
Based on limited data, amounts of diltiazem ingested by the infant are small and would not be expected to cause any adverse effects in breastfed infants.
Pregnancy Categories
A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.
B: Maybe acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk.
C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done.
D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk.
X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist.
NA: Information not available.
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